年度泰晤士報高等教育排名 2022 Times Higher Education (THE) World University Rankings

2022年泰晤士高等教育(THE)世界大學排名包括來自 99 個國家和地區的 1,600 多所大學,使其成為迄今為止規模最大、最多樣化的大學排名。

該表基於 13 個經過仔細校準的績效指標,這些指標衡量機構在四個領域的績效:教學、研究、知識轉移和國際視野。

美國是總體上代表人數最多的國家,擁有 183 所大學,也是前 200 名(57 所)大學中代表人數最多的國家。

 

 

分佈情況

無論是綜合排名還是最高位次,美國和英國佔據前13名。中國和日本等亞洲國家列在前100,但在排名前 200 的大學中,它們落後於其他國家,如德國、澳大利亞和荷蘭。

今年,中國首次有兩所大學躋身全球前20名 – 北京大學和清華大學,分別上升了7位和4位,並列第16位。

排名中共有 99 個國家或地區,其中 27 個國家或地區至少有一所大學進入前 200 名。另外 452 所大學被列為“報告者”,這意味著它們提供了數據但不符合我們的資格標準獲得排名。

Phil Baty首席知識官 (THE)

“在歷史聲譽、全球地位和可靠收入的幫助下,世界名牌大學長期佔據榜首。但我們的數據表明,世界各地的高等教育正在發生明顯的變化。我們已經看到中國大陸對既定規範的明顯破壞,日本、韓國、新加坡和香港的歷史新高表明亞洲正在繼續受益於整個大陸對高等教育的關注和投資。”

1st 100

RankNameNo. of FTE StudentsNo. of students per staffInternational StudentsCountry/Region
1University of Oxford20,80010.742%United Kingdom
2California Institute of Technology2,2006.334%United States
2Harvard University21,5009.524%United States
4Stanford University16,3007.323%United States
5Massachusetts Institute of Technology11,4008.433%United States
5University of Cambridge19,60011.139%United Kingdom
7Princeton University7,7007.523%United States
8University of California, Berkeley40,30018.923%United States
9Yale University13,3005.921%United States
10The University of Chicago14,8006.133%United States
11Columbia University21,6004.635%United States
12Imperial College London17,70011.359%United Kingdom
13Johns Hopkins University16,5004.328%United States
13University of Pennsylvania21,2006.422%United States
15ETH Zurich20,40014.441%Switzerland
16Peking University31,60010.219%China
16Tsinghua University38,20011.513%China
18UCL35,70010.657%United Kingdom
18University of Toronto75,80025.525%Canada
20University of California, Los Angeles42,0001017%United States
21National University of Singapore31,80018.825%Singapore
22Cornell University23,60010.325%United States
23Duke University15,7004.222%United States
24University of Michigan-Ann Arbor44,6008.117%United States
24Northwestern University18,7001319%United States
26New York University45,4001135%United States
27London School of Economics & Political Sc10,90012.172%United Kingdom
28Carnegie Mellon University14,10013.547%United States
29University of Washington52,00011.617%United States
30University of Edinburgh31,60012.144%United Kingdom
30University of Hong Kong18,00018.343%Hong Kong
32LMU Munich34,20033.718%Germany
33University of Melbourne52,00026.550%Australia
34University of California, San Diego36,20012.229%United States
35King’s College London28,2001249%United Kingdom
35The University of Tokyo25,90010.614%Japan
37University of British Columbia54,70018.933%Canada
38Technical University of Munich32,60038.733%Germany
39Karolinska Institute7,9009.624%Sweden
40École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne11,20012.362%Switzerland
40Paris Sciences et Lettres –  PSL Research U20,50015.125%France
42Heidelberg University19,50013.919%Germany
42KU Leuven46,30036.316%Belgium
44McGill University31,50012.632%Canada
45Georgia Institute of Technology27,80025.725%United States
46Nanyang Technological University23,90014.724%Singapore
47University of Texas at Austin49,80016.710%United States
48University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign47,20018.323%United States
49Chinese University of Hong Kong18,40019.125%Hong Kong
50University of Manchester36,50014.343%United Kingdom
51Washington University in St Louis14,2007.922%United States
52University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill31,0008.18%United States
53Wageningen University & Research14,80020.227%Netherlands
54Seoul National University26,80015.411%South Korea
54Australian National University18,90017.647%Australia
54The University of Queensland41,90035.841%Australia
57Monash University60,20044.145%Australia
58University of Wisconsin-Madison39,70010.314%United States
58University of Sydney47,90019.347%Australia
60Fudan University33,10011.112%China
61Kyoto University22,2009.211%Japan
62Boston University27,7001129%United States
63University of Southern California42,50013.224%United States
64Brown University9,80010.620%United States
65University of Amsterdam25,50013.129%Netherlands
66The Hong Kong University of Sc & Technology10,10021.331%Hong Kong
67University of California, Davis37,20013.219%United States
68University of California, Santa Barbara25,50028.219%United States
69Utrecht University33,50018.111%Netherlands
70UNSW Sydney48,00040.544%Australia
71Leiden University31,50019.419%Netherlands
72Erasmus University Rotterdam28,90029.322%Netherlands
73Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin7,90018.721%Germany
74Humboldt University of Berlin33,80054.218%Germany
75University of Zurich23,7001522%Switzerland
75Delft University of Technology20,1001731%Netherlands
75Zhejiang University40,30011.820%China
78University of Warwick22,70014.243%United Kingdom
78University of Tübingen20,40026.214%Germany
80University of Groningen29,40023.827%Netherlands
80McMaster University26,10030.220%Canada
82Emory University13,1004.420%United States
83Free University of Berlin27,00043.223%Germany
84Shanghai Jiao Tong University36,60011.310%China
85Ohio State University (Main campus)55,80012.413%United States
86University of Minnesota61,3001210%United States
86University of Glasgow27,60013.940%United Kingdom
88Sorbonne University42,30014.221%France
88University of Science and Technology of China16,7007.35%China
88University of Montreal36,50019.623%Canada
91Hong Kong Polytechnic University21,90026.429%Hong Kong
92University of Bristol24,10014.430%United Kingdom
93University of Maryland, College Park34,00016.711%United States
93Michigan State University45,6001614%United States
95Institut Polytechnique de Paris6,0006.940%France
96University of Copenhagen30,3004.218%Denmark
96Ghent University38,90035.711%Belgium
98University of California, Irvine35,90017.128%United States
99Dartmouth College6,3007.615%United States
99Korea Advanced Institute of Sc & Tech (KAIST)9,50010.310%South Korea

中國、香港和東亞

在亞洲,中國大陸在排名中創下歷史最高排名(第 16 位),有 10 所大學進入世界前 200 名,而韓國、日本、新加坡和香港均在當前方法下達到最高排名。

香港大學和中大在2022年泰晤士高等教育排行榜上攀升,分別位列第30和第49位;理大升至第 91 位,而科大則跌至第 66 位。

印度

位於班加羅爾的印度科學研究所 (IISc) 是印度排名最高的機構,連續第三年保持在 301-350 級別的位置。因此,印度擁有世界前 1000 所大學中的 35 所,這是有史以​​來排名第二高的大學(2020 年泰晤士高等教育世界大學排名中的 36 所)。 IIT Ropar 一直在前 351-400 組中排名,而 IIT Indore 則在 401-450 組中。

隨著沙特阿拉伯和埃及成為世界上發展最快的國家,中東的情況有了顯著改善。

非洲

根據泰晤士報高等教育 2021 年世界大學排名,非洲最好的大學跨越 10 個國家,從東部的烏干達到西部的尼日利亞,從北部的摩洛哥到位於非洲大陸最南端的南非。

南非的兩所大學進入全球排名前 250 名:開普敦大學是非洲頂尖大學,並列第 155 位,而金山大學則位於 201-250 名。

2nd 100

RankNameNo. of FTE StudentsNo. of students per staffInternational StudentsCountry/Region
101University of Bern11,60016.616.00%Switzerland
101University of Helsinki22,60015.76.00%Finland
103University of Basel9,40012.330.00%Switzerland
104Aarhus University26,50013.69.00%Denmark
105Purdue University West Lafayette43,40016.621.00%United States
105University of Birmingham31,3001532.00%United Kingdom
105Nanjing University37,10017.19.00%China
108University of Freiburg21,40039.712.00%Germany
108RWTH Aachen University45,60055.525.00%Germany
110University of Sheffield27,20015.338.00%United Kingdom
111University of Adelaide22,00030.632.00%Australia
112University of Bonn27,70049.816.00%Germany
113Vanderbilt University12,300316.00%United States
113National Taiwan University (NTU)24,80011.412.00%Taiwan
115Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam26,50018.614.00%Netherlands
116Lund University28,40011.219.00%Sweden
117Queen Mary University of London19,90013.546.00%United Kingdom
117Université Paris-Saclay40,80012.719.00%France
119Penn State (Main campus)46,50014.116.00%United States
119University of Oslo21,40013.219.00%Norway
119University of Göttingen30,60026.614.00%Germany
122Lancaster University13,50012.337.00%United Kingdom
122Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU)23,10019.219.00%South Korea
124University of Southampton21,80014.136.00%United Kingdom
125University of Alberta33,40021.928.00%Canada
126Case Western Reserve University10,8009.423.00%United States
127University of Virginia (Main campus)25,300913.00%United States
127University of Leeds33,30014.632.00%United Kingdom
127Maastricht University18,1001855.00%Netherlands
130Georgetown University16,7008.620.00%United States
131Uppsala University26,90016.517.00%Sweden
132Arizona State University (Tempe)48,20019.718.00%United States
132Radboud University Nijmegen21,80017.715.00%Netherlands
132University of Hamburg30,90059.813.00%Germany
132The University of Western Australia18,60021.330.00%Australia
136Rice University6,8009.228.00%United States
137University of Auckland32,90022.732.00%New Zealand
137University of Vienna33,80038.329.00%Austria
139Technical University of Berlin22,1005527.00%Germany
140University of Pittsburgh-Pittsburgh26,8005.612.00%United States
141University of Nottingham31,30014.830.00%United Kingdom
142University of Rochester10,1006.736.00%United States
143University of Exeter22,70016.128.00%United Kingdom
143University of Antwerp15,30030.817.00%Belgium
143University of Technology Sydney26,90039.637.00%Australia
146Newcastle University24,60014.527.00%United Kingdom
146Trinity College Dublin17,40021.232.00%Ireland
146University of Mannheim7,60057.525.00%Germany
146Ulm University10,20027.213.00%Germany
150University of Arizona39,60017.310.00%United States
151University of Sussex17,40017.637.00%United Kingdom
151Yonsei University (Seoul campus)18,50014.721.00%South Korea
151City University of Hong Kong9,50010.756.00%Hong Kong
154University of Florida47,00016.39.00%United States
155Université de Paris62,3001719.00%France
156Pompeu Fabra University11,80022.913.00%Spain
157Wuhan University54,40015.27.00%China
158University of Colorado Boulder35,40016.610.00%United States
158University of Aberdeen13,10016.844.00%United Kingdom
158Lomonosov Moscow State University29,1009.136.00%Russian Federation
158Université Catholique de Louvain26,40039.120.00%Belgium
162Durham University17,7001533.00%United Kingdom
162Southern University of Sc & Tech (SUSTech)4,2008.41.00%China
162University of Ottawa35,70025.422.00%Canada
165University of Würzburg23,30035.610.00%Germany
166Bielefeld University25,10070.68.00%Germany
167Indiana University66,70012.914.00%United States
168Northeastern University20,90014.136.00%United States
169University of York17,30014.726.00%United Kingdom
170Autonomous University of Barcelona31,50012.716.00%Spain
170University of Canberra9,80035.429.00%Australia
172Tufts University11,1009.916.00%United States
172University of Bologna68,30024.312.00%Italy
172University of Cologne32,40028.918.00%Germany
172TU Dresden30,50032.317.00%Germany
176University of Lausanne13,0009.523.00%Switzerland
176Stockholm University28,00019.610.00%Sweden
178University of Liverpool25,90014.735.00%United Kingdom
178Ulsan National Institute of Sc & Tech (UNIST)3,60013.910.00%South Korea
180Karlsruhe Institute of Technology23,20022.624.00%Germany
181Huazhong University of Sc & Tech56,70016.25.00%China
182University of East Anglia15,70013.526.00%United Kingdom
183University of Notre Dame12,20010.813.00%United States
183University of Cape Town21,70013.316.00%South Africa
185University of Leicester15,00014.131.00%United Kingdom
185University of Gothenburg21,00010.613.00%Sweden
185Pohang University of Sc & Tech (POSTECH)3,10010.13.00%South Korea
185Technical University of Denmark9,3006.623.00%Denmark
189Cardiff University26,60014.728.00%United Kingdom
190Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey44,80010.817.00%United States
190King Abdulaziz University32,0007.822.00%Saudi Arabia
192Macquarie University30,20069.630.00%Australia
193Texas A&M University62,70021.68.00%United States
193University of Barcelona45,30016.111.00%Spain
193Queensland University of Technology36,30040.218.00%Australia
196Medical University of Graz3,70013.326.00%Austria
197University of Geneva17,7008.239.00%Switzerland
197Sapienza University of Rome71,90030.69.00%Italy
197University of Erlangen-Nuremberg30,70044.713.00%Germany
197University of Hohenheim8,60038.511.00%Germany
 

3rd 100

RankNameNo. of FTE StudentsNo. of students per staffInternational StudentsCountry/Region
197Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa6006.912%Italy
201–250University of California, Santa Cruz1970024.113%United States
201–250George Washington University2340012.718%United States
201–250University of Massachusetts6260013.215%United States
201–250University of Miami1650010.316%United States
201–250University of South Florida3980021.413%United States
201–250University of Bath1470015.634%United Kingdom
201–250Brighton and Sussex Medical School100010.417%United Kingdom
201–250University of Dundee1310018.224%United Kingdom
201–250Queen’s University Belfast185001637%United Kingdom
201–250University of Reading1550015.731%United Kingdom
201–250St George’s, University of London350013.521%United Kingdom
201–250University of St Andrews950012.247%United Kingdom
201–250University of Surrey1450015.936%United Kingdom
201–250Taipei Medical University62009.910%Taiwan
201–250KTH Royal Institute of Technology1350016.721%Sweden
201–250Korea University2280013.423%South Korea
201–250Alfaisal University280010.134%Saudi Arabia
201–250Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT)600011.618%Russian Federation
201–250University of Bergen1440012.313%Norway
201–250Auckland University of Technology1860017.450%New Zealand
201–250University of Otago1870020.521%New Zealand
201–250Eindhoven University of Technology1140024.622%Netherlands
201–250Tilburg University1000024.818%Netherlands
201–250University of Twente900014.937%Netherlands
201–250University of Macau990015.138%Macao
201–250Tohoku University1790012.214%Japan
201–250University of Padua4870021.98%Italy
201–250Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies – Pisa80010.321%Italy
201–250Vita-Salute San Raffaele University320010.64%Italy
201–250Tel Aviv University2290022.27%Israel
201–250RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences250024.966%Ireland
201–250University College Dublin231002331%Ireland
201–250Friedrich Schiller University Jena1700025.315%Germany
201–250University of Konstanz1150050.213%Germany
201–250University of Münster2860025.57%Germany
201–250Aalto University1290019.424%Finland
201–250Aalborg University1660012.813%Denmark
201–250Copenhagen Business School1670027.525%Denmark
201–250University of Calgary3310018.221%Canada
201–250Simon Fraser University2710027.931%Canada
201–250University of Waterloo3370023.822%Canada
201–250Western University2840028.522%Canada
201–250University of São Paulo8240016.53%Brazil
201–250Université Libre de Bruxelles2580044.831%Belgium
201–250Medical University of Innsbruck320012.143%Austria
201–250Medical University of Vienna73008.930%Austria
201–250Griffith University351002918%Australia
201–250La Trobe University2610033.839%Australia
201–250Western Sydney University3580037.823%Australia
201–250University of Wollongong1830030.230%Australia
251–300Boston College1300015.112%United States
251–300Brandeis University550012.228%United States
251–300University at Buffalo2720017.916%United States
251–300University of California, Riverside2320017.714%United States
251–300University of Colorado Denver/Anschutz Medical Campus173003.98%United States
251–300Florida State University3940024.77%United States
251–300George Mason University3170018.211%United States
251–300University of Hawai’i at Mānoa1480010.711%United States
251–300Howard University850088%United States
251–300University of Iowa2960011.59%United States
251–300University of New Mexico (Main campus)1930017.55%United States
251–300Oregon Health and Science University310013%United States
251–300University of Utah3080014.77%United States
251–300Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University3500018.314%United States
251–300Swansea University1760015.722%United Kingdom
251–300Chalmers University of Technology960013.818%Sweden
251–300Linköping University1590014.614%Sweden
251–300University of Navarra1160014.726%Spain
251–300Kyung Hee University2060017.525%South Korea
251–300Sejong University1210020.112%South Korea
251–300Stellenbosch University2480026.18%South Africa
251–300University of the Witwatersrand2690024.38%South Africa
251–300Macau University of Science and Technology1120025.788%Macao
251–300University of Luxembourg490019.152%Luxembourg
251–300University College Cork1740020.320%Ireland
251–300Semmelweis University99009.233%Hungary
251–300University of Duisburg-Essen418004519%Germany
251–300University of Düsseldorf2930036.112%Germany
251–300University of Kiel2780022.59%Germany
251–300University of Potsdam1490041.114%Germany
251–300Ruhr University Bochum3890050.415%Germany
251–300École des Ponts ParisTech210011.745%France
251–300Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT440029.615%Finland
251–300University of Oulu980025.16%Finland
251–300Tampere University1550020.96%Finland
251–300University of Tartu910012.212%Estonia
251–300University of Southern Denmark1890010.516%Denmark
251–300Beijing Normal University2350014.512%China
251–300Sun Yat-sen University5650015.76%China
251–300Dalhousie University1610013.828%Canada
251–300Université Laval2870017.114%Canada
251–300Queen’s University2530025.916%Canada
251–300Vrije Universiteit Brussel1340032.423%Belgium
251–300Australian Catholic University2380042.915%Australia
251–300Curtin University3030020.732%Australia
251–300Deakin University4270033.628%Australia
251–300Flinders University1700028.236%Australia
251–300James Cook University1080020.112%Australia
251–300University of Newcastle238002919%Australia

*FTE (Full Time Equivalent)

全日制等效 (FTE) 校內和校外招生 – FTE 是最常見的招生衡量標準,是對參加課程的學生人數進行簡單統計。 入學人數也可以作為全日制等效 (FTE) 學生來衡量,該計算顯示如果所有人都全日制入學,將會有多少學生參加。 FTE 的計算基於特定級別的所有學生所擁有的學分總和除以全日制課程的學分數。 偶爾本科生參加研究生水平的課程,反之亦然。

新冠病毒相關醫學論文後引文影響

泰晤士高等教育數據團隊的分析發現,對比2021年和2022年的排名,有19所高校在發表新冠病毒相關醫學論文後引文影響得分顯著上升。這些高校中有11所位於中國大陸地區,一所位於台灣地區,另一所位於香港地區。因此,中國大陸目前排名前200位的高校數量為10所,與荷蘭並列第5位(去年為第7位),超過了加拿大在前200位中的高校數量。

這是高等教育病毒研究對大學排名產生影響的首個證據。此次發布的2022年度排名基於2016年至2020年間發表的研究數據以及2016年至2021年間的引用數據。

從絕對值來看,引文影響力得分增幅最大的機構是首都醫科大學、溫州醫科大學和武漢大學,這些機構均位於中國大陸地區,引文評分提高了30多分。

引文影響力提升是中國科研持續進步的更廣泛趨勢的一部分。然而,中國高校近來取得的進步大部分由其精英高校完成。在有廣泛影響力的疫情相關研究發表後,如果那些國際知名度較低的中國院校在未來幾年繼續崛起,那麼這有可能加速中國的排名進步。

來源: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2022/world-ranking#!/page/0/length/25/sort_by/rank/sort_order/asc/cols/stats

衡量方法 (Metholdogy):

評估核包括 – 研究 (Research):30%,引文 (Citation):30%,教學 (Teaching):30%,國際化 (Internationl Outlook):7.5% 行業關係 (Industry relationship): 2.5%。

此排名较重於研究方面(60%),因此排除了很多關注教學的良好美國州立大學和文理學院。所以尋良好學士學位的同學不應只看此排名,你應該看看把評分欄如 – [教學],[師生比例]和[全日制學生人數] 等作為你的選擇因素。 

總體指標 (overall indicator)個別指標 (Individual indicator)百分比權重 (Percentage weighting)Individual indicator
行業收入-創新 (Industry Income – innovation)行業研究收入(每位學術人員)0.025Research income from industry (per academic staff)
國際多樣性 (International diversity)國際人員與國內人員的比例0.03Ratio of international to domestic staff
國際學生與國內學生的比例0.02Ratio of international to domestic students
教學–學習環境 (Teaching – the learning environment)聲譽調查(教學)0.15Reputational survey (teaching)
每位學者的博士學位授予0.06PhDs awards per academic
本科。 每位學者錄取0.045Undergrad. admitted per academic
每學術收入0.0225Income per academic
授予博士學位/本科學位0.0225PhDs/undergraduate degrees awarded
研究–數量,收入和聲譽 (Research – volume, income and reputation)聲譽調查(研究)0.195Reputational survey (research)
研究收入(按比例)0.0525Research income (scaled)
每位研究人員和學術人員的論文0.045Papers per research and academic staff
公共研究收入/研究總收入0.0075Public research income/ total research income
引文–研究影響 (Citations – research influence)引文影響(每篇論文的標準化平均引文)0.325Citation impact (normalised average citation per paper)